Records of the Office of War Information. 1926 - 1951. Motion Picture Films from "United News" Newsreels. 1942 - 1945. JAPAN SURRENDERS

Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972

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Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953, succeeding upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt after serving as the 34th vice president in early 1945. He implemented the Marshall Plan to rebuild the economy of Western Europe and established the Truman Doctrine and NATO to contain communist expansion. He proposed numerous liberal domestic reforms, but few were enacted by the Conservative Coalition that dominated Congres...

Forrestal, James, 1892-1949

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James Vincent Forrestal (February 15, 1892 – May 22, 1949) was the last Cabinet-level United States Secretary of the Navy and the first United States Secretary of Defense. Forrestal came from a very strict middle class Irish Catholic family. He was a successful financier on Wall Street before becoming Undersecretary of the Navy in 1940, shortly before the United States entered the Second World War. He became Secretary of the Navy in May 1944 upon the death of his superior, Frank Knox. Preside...

Leahy, William D. (William Daniel), 1875-1959

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Fleet Admiral William Daniel Leahy (May 6, 1875 – July 20, 1959) was an American naval officer who served as the senior-most United States military officer on active duty during World War II. He held multiple titles and was at the center of all major military decisions the United States made in World War II. As Chief of Naval Operations from 1937 to 1939, he was the senior officer in the United States Navy, overseeing the preparations for war. After retiring from the Navy, he was appointed in...

MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964

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General of the Army Douglas MacArthur (26 January 1880 – 5 April 1964) was an American five-star general and Field Marshal of the Philippine Army. He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. He received the Medal of Honor for his service in the Philippines campaign, which made him and his father Arthur MacArthur Jr. the first father and son to be awarded the medal. He was one of only five to rise to the ...

Nimitz, Chester W. (Chester William), 1885-1966

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Chester William Nimitz, Sr. (/ˈnɪmɪts/; February 24, 1885 – February 20, 1966) was a fleet admiral of the United States Navy. He played a major role in the naval history of World War II as Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet and Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas, commanding Allied air, land, and sea forces during World War II. Nimitz was the leading US Navy authority on submarines. Qualified in submarines during his early years, he later oversaw the conversion of these vessels' propu...

Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945

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Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born on January 30, 1882, in Hyde Park, New York. He was the son of James (lawyer, financier) and Sara (Delano) Roosevelt. He married Anna Eleanor Roosevelt on March 17, 1905, and had six children: Anna, James, Franklin, Elliott, Franklin Jr., John. He received his B.A. from Harvard in 1904 and later attended Columbia University Law School. Roosevelt was admitted to the Bar in 1907 and worked for the Carter, Ledyard, and Milburn firm in New York City from 1907 to 19...

Buckner, Simon Bolivar, 1886-1945

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From the Kentucky Encyclopedia on S.B. Buckner: Simon Bolivar Buckner, governor of Kentucky during 1887-91, was born at Glen Lily, the family estate near Munfordville, Kentucky, on April 1, 1823. When his parents, Aylett Hartswell and Elizabeth Ann (Morehead) Buckner, moved to Arkansas, they left him behind to attend schools in Greenville and Hopkinsville before he entered the U.S. Military Academy at West Point in 1840. After graduation Buckner saw active duty with Gen. Winfield Scott during th...

Hirohito, Emperor of Japan, 1901-1989

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Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich, 1890-1986

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Halsey, William Frederick, 1882-1959

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William Frederick Halsey Jr. (October 30, 1882 – August 16, 1959) was a fleet admiral in the United States Navy during World War II. He was called "Bill" by his family and friends and nicknamed "Bull" by the press. He is one of four individuals to have attained the rank of fleet admiral of the United States Navy, the others being Ernest King, William Leahy, and Chester W. Nimitz. Born in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Halsey graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1904. He served in the Gr...

Byrnes, James F. (James Francis), 1882-1972

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James F. Byrnes was born on May 2, 1882, in Charleston, South Carolina, to Elizabeth McSweeney and James Byrnes. On May 2, 1906, he married Maude Busch, who was born in Aiken, SC, on October 22, 1883. Byrnes was elected Court Solicitor of the Second District in 1908; U.S. Congressman from 1911-1925; U.S. Senator from 1931-1941. He was appointed to serve as a Justice of U.S. Supreme Court 1941-1942. He also served as Director of the Office of Economic Stabilization, 1942; Director of the Office o...

Bevin, Ernest, 1881-1951

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Bevin was a British labor leader and politician. He served as the British Minister of Labour (1940-1945) and as Foreign Secretary (1945-1951). Rosita Forbes (1893?-1967) was the consumate traveler in and writer on north Africa, the Middle East and western Asia. From the description of [Letter] 1945 Nov. 27, Foreign Office, S.W. 1 [to] Rosita Forbes / Ernest Bevin. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 166268415 1892-1894 farm labourer, Chaffcombe farm, then Beers...

Attlee, C.R. (Clement Richard), 1883-1967

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Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee (1883-1967) was Prime Minister of the 1945-51 Labour Governments. Details are given in the Dictionary of National Biography . Thomas Simons Attlee (1880-1960) was his brother. See Peggy Attlee With a quiet conscience: Thomas Simons Attlee 1880-1960 (London: 1995). From the guide to the Letters from Clement Attlee to his brother Tom, 1915-60, (University of Oxford, Bodleian Library) Clement R. Attlee was born in Putney, England, and edu...

Stimson, Henry L. (Henry Lewis), 1867-1950

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Henry Lewis Stimson, the politician, was one of Eleanor Stimson Brooks's cousins. He took an interest in the family and had given her support throughout Van Wyck's struggles with depression (1926-1930). From the description of Correspondence to Charles Van Wyck Brooks, 1930-1945. (University of Pennsylvania Library). WorldCat record id: 191821881 Stimson served as U.S. Secretary of war (1911-1913, 1940-1945), was governor general of the Philippine Islands (1927-1929) and U.S...

Chiang, Kai-shek, 1887-1975

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Chinese political and military leader; head of state, 1928-1949; president of Taiwan, 1949-1975. From the description of Chiang Kai-shek diaries, 1917-1972. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 754872867 1909-1911 served in the Japanese army; 1911 founding member of the Kuomintang; 1913-1916 participated in revolution against Yuan Shikai; 1923 commandant of military academy at Whampoa; ?1925 commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army; 1927-1937 leader of th...

Hull, Cordell, 1871-1955

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Cordell Hull was a Tennessee state representative (1893-1897), a judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Tennessee (1903-1906), U.S. Representative for Tennessee (1907-1921, 1923-1931), chairman of the Democratic National Executive Committee (1921-1924), U.S. Senator for Tennessee (1931-1933), Secretary of State in the Cabinet of President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1944), and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945. From the description of Cordell Hull letter, 1941 Dec. 12. (Loui...